Neurology and Neuromuscular Disorders

The "Neurosonology" track at our conference encompasses the innovative application of ultrasound techniques in neurological diagnosis and treatment. This comprehensive track comprises several subtracks, including:

1. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) Ultrasound: Exploring its role in stroke diagnosis, monitoring, and assessment of cerebral blood flow dynamics.
2. Carotid and Vertebral Artery Ultrasound: Focuses on the evaluation of carotid and vertebral artery stenosis, plaque characterization, and prediction of cerebrovascular events.
3. Peripheral Nerve and Muscle Ultrasound: Examining the use of ultrasound in assessing peripheral nerve disorders, muscle pathologies, and guiding interventions such as nerve blocks.
4. Ultrasound-Guided Procedures: Discusses the application of ultrasound for guided nerve injections, nerve stimulations, and other interventional procedures in neurology.
5. Emerging Applications: Explores novel uses of ultrasound in neuroimaging research, including contrast-enhanced ultrasound, functional ultrasound imaging, and 3D ultrasound techniques.

Speakers will present the latest advancements, research findings, and clinical insights within each subtrack, providing delegates with a comprehensive understanding of neurosonology's role in neurological care. Attendees can expect to gain valuable knowledge, networking opportunities, and Continuing Medical Education (CME) credits in this dynamic and rapidly evolving field.

Discovery and validation of novel biomarkers for early diagnosis, disease progression monitoring, and treatment response assessment.

 Investigating the underlying mechanisms of neuromuscular junction disorders and developing targeted interventions to address synaptic dysfunction.

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Studies on different types of myopathies, exploring the molecular and cellular aspects of muscle diseases, as well as novel treatment approaches.

Research on diseases affecting motor neurons, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), focusing on understanding the disease mechanisms and identifying potential therapeutic targets.

Investigation into various forms of neuropathies, including peripheral neuropathies and their underlying causes, clinical manifestations, and treatment strategies.

Techniques like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are being investigated for their potential in treating conditions such as depression, epilepsy, and chronic pain.

AI is being harnessed to analyze vast amounts of neuroimaging data for early detection of neurological disorders. Machine learning algorithms are also aiding in the development of more targeted and efficient treatment strategies.

Research is focused on enhancing the regenerative capacity of the nervous system. This includes exploring stem cell therapies, nerve grafts, and other strategies to repair damaged neural tissue in conditions like spinal cord injuries.

 BCIs are being explored for various applications, including restoring movement and communication in individuals with neuromuscular disorders. This interdisciplinary field merges neuroscience with engineering, offering innovative solution.

Advancements in genetics are enabling personalized approaches to treating neuromuscular disorders. Tailoring treatments based on an individual's genetic makeup holds great promise for improved outcomes.

Identifying reliable biomarkers for diseases like Alzheimer's or ALS is a hot research area. This could lead to earlier and more accurate diagnoses, allowing for more effective interventions.

Researchers are delving into the role of neuroinflammation in various neurological conditions, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Understanding and modulating inflammation could open new avenues for treatment and prevention.

Neuropharmacology is the in-depth study of how medications affect the neural system, which controls behaviour, and cellular function in the nervous system. Neuropharmacology has two subspecialties: behavioural and molecular. Neuro psycho pharmacology, which primarily focuses on the research of how drugs affect human behaviour, also includes the study of how drug dependence and addiction affect the brain. With the ultimate goal of creating medications that improve brain function, molecular neuropharmacology investigates neurons and their neurochemical communication.

One of the most specialized areas of medicine in the world is neuroscience, sometimes known as neural science. The health of the nervous system, particularly the brain and spinal cord, is the primary concern of this medication discipline. A neuroscience nurse is a nursing specialist who counsels patients with neurological conditions like Parkinson's disease, meningitis, encephalitis, epilepsy, and multiple sclerosis as well as injuries such head and spinal damage from accidents. Nurses who specialize in neuroscience work with patients who have had strokes and have neurological birth abnormalities.

A specialized area of medicine called paediatric neurology, sometimes known as child neurology, deals with the diagnosis and treatment of neurological problems in neonates (new-borns), babies, kids, and teenagers. The field of child neurology includes conditions that affect people in various age groups and affect the spinal cord, brain, peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous system, muscles, and blood vessels. A paediatric neurologist is specially trained and knowledgeable to evaluate, identify, and treat children who have neurological issues. Paediatric neurologists treat a wide range of illnesses, from relatively straightforward problems like migraine or cerebral palsy to more difficult and uncommon conditions like metabolic disease or neurodegenerative disorders.

Due to respiratory muscle weakness, bulbar muscle hypotonia, pre-existing anatomical inclinations, and diminished central respiratory drive, patients with neuromuscular diseases may have respiratory failure. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or another significant condition might cause respiratory neuromuscular failure.

Neuroimaging techniques are used in neuroradiology, which focuses on the neurological system, to study and learn more about the patients' conditions. It aids medical professionals in identifying abnormalities in the brain, head, and neck. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are two tests that use high-resolution images of the body's interior. Deep brain studies and brain computer interface technology will also advance.

Brain tumours are caused by the aberrant cell development and abrupt responses of the central nervous system. The hazardous and life-threatening brain and spinal cord neoplasms are the subject of neuro-oncology research. Some examples include brain stem tumours, astrocytoma’s, glioblastomas, gliomas, and multiform, ependymal, and pontine gliomas. Surgery may be curative in some circumstances, but particularly in situations of very aggressive brain cancer, the disease tends to regenerate and reappear after ablation.

Neuroplasticity, also known as brain plasticity and neural plasticity, refers to changes in neural pathways and synapses brought on by variations in behaviour, environment, neural processes, thinking, and emotions, as well as changes brought on by physical changes. It includes both synaptic and non-synaptic plasticity. Understanding the improvements in brain plasticity in neurite remodelling and how to strengthen neuronal connections are the main objectives of this session.

Both neurology and psychology are covered by neuropsychology. It is the investigation and analysis of the behavioural changes that result from a brain injury or illness. A sophisticated medical procedure called neurorehabilitation aids in the recovery from nervous system damage or minimizes any functional changes.

There is a wide clinical range for specific neuromuscular illnesses that affect borderline neurons, neuromuscular joints, or muscles. The peripheral nerve system may be targeted in the setting of paraneoplastic disorders or post-infectious immune reactions. In the pathogenetic system, B cells and T cells, two antigen cells, interact.

A class of genetic disorders known as muscular dystrophy describes muscle weakness and tissue deterioration, either with or without nerve impairment. Duchene muscular dystrophy is one of the well-known muscular dystrophies.

All of the body's muscles are a part of the neuromuscular system, which connects them to one another with the help of nerves. Numerous neuromuscular illnesses that affect the peripheral nervous system, which includes muscles, nerve-muscles, border nerves in organs, and spinal cord cells, can occur in children. In every 100,000 children, 6 develop neurology. Clinical treatment for neuromuscular problems is necessary from the doctor or another medical expert.

Microorganisms can occasionally enter the body, infect many organs, and cause small perturbations to life-threatening issues. Pain, swell- in, redness, and dysfunction are typical illness signs. The affected region could be warm.

Spine disorders occur in individuals irrespective of their age -spina bifida in infants to spinal stenosis in the elderly. Causes of spinal cord disorders include mainly injuries, infections, blocked blood supply, and compression by a fractured bone or a tumor. The boost in spinal disorders has been met with a leap in advancements in the diagnostic techniques. Endoscopic spine, MRI, X- rays CT and DEA are some of the generally used tools in diagnosing spinal disorders.

Disorders that impact how the brain operates include neurogenetic and neurometabolic abnormalities. All ages, races, and genders of young children can experience them. A broad term used to describe chronic disorders, neurogenetic disease refers to brain abnormalities brought on by alterations in a child's genes that result in some brain cells developing and functioning improperly. When it comes to neurometabolic abnormalities, these conditions are caused by issues with the body's cell enzymes, which are either unable to utilise food to produce the energy cells require or get rid of the breakdown products of the foods used.

Psychiatry is the field of medicine dedicated to diagnosing, preventing, and treating mental illnesses. These include various maladaptation’s related to character, behaviour, comprehension, and observations. A case history and in-depth analysis of the man's mental health are often the first steps in an initial psychiatric evaluation. The study of behaviour and minds, including conscious and unconscious states as well as cognition and emotion, is known as psychology. Examples of physical in-depth studies and mental assessments that may be used include neuroimaging or other neurophysiological techniques. Psychology.

The medical speciality known as neurosurgery, also known as neurological surgery, focuses on the surgical treatment, surgical improvement, and prevention of illnesses that affect any part of the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and extra-cranial cerebrovascular system. A doctor who specializes in neurosurgery is referred to as a neurosurgeon. Neurosurgeons are not only trained brain surgeons; they can also help patients with back and neck pain as well as other illnesses like trigeminal neuralgia, head injuries, and Parkinson's disease.

Nerves that regulate our own voluntary muscles are impacted by neuromuscular diseases. The muscles in your arms and legs are examples of voluntary muscles, which we can control independently. Your neurons, which are also known as your nerve cells, transmit the signals that govern these muscles. Communication between your nervous system and muscles is disrupted when neurons weaken or die.  Your muscles begin to weaken and waste away as a result, which can cause twitching, cramps, aches, pains, and joint and movement issues. Frequently, it also has an impact on how well your heart and lungs work. In the United States, more than a million people suffer from a neuromuscular disorder, with roughly 40% of those individuals under the age of 18.

The medical specialty of neurology focuses on nerve system problems. It deals with the in-depth analysis and treatment of every type of disorder and condition affecting the central and peripheral nerve systems, as well as their covers, blood vessels, and any effector tissue including muscle. The field of neuroscience, the study of the nervous system, is very important to the neurological system. The term "neurologist" refers to a physician who specializes in neurology. A neurological condition that affects the brain, spinal cord, and nerves can be investigated, diagnosed, and treated by a neurologist. If a patient needs surgery, neurologists send them to neurosurgeons rather than doing the procedure themselves.

A condition known as psychosomatic disorders occurs when psychological strains have a distressing impact on somatic (physiological) functioning. It is a syndrome when the involuntary nervous system and internal secretory glands are improperly activated, causing structural damage or dysfunction to physiological organs. Hypertension, respiratory conditions, gastrointestinal issues, migraine and tension headaches, pelvic pain, impotence, frigidity, dermatitis, and ulcers are just a few examples of psychosomatic problems that can develop as a result of stress.